Caesar Notes

I will be taking the test on June 2 at 1:25 - 2;:15 pm, and I'm in section Honors 201.

- Two things that will keep the plebs from revolting: bread (free grain from the state) and entertainment (Circus Maximus, Colosseum); partly to keep them alive and partly to keep them quiet/distracted
- Tiberius Gracchus saw the advantages of courting the plebians, so the military generals worked at the angle
- The angle was to lead an army that conquers a land, then give them a share in the spoils
- Julius Caesar (100 - 44 BC): a highly successful general and conquered the territory of Gaul
- Caesar knew how politics work; make common folks happy and make friends in high places
- Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus formed the First Triumvirate
- All of Caesar's soldiers were devoted to him; Caesar had self-locomotion
- Caesar serves one year as consul and appoints himself governor of Gaul
- Pompey soon becomes jealous of Caesar and becomes his rival
- Caesar's and Pompey's armies fight in Greece, Asia, Spain, and Egypt, with Caesar winning
- In 44 BC Caesar was named dictator (at first for 6 months, then for life)
- Caesar's reforms were that he: granted citizenship to people in provinces, expanded the Senate, adding his friends, created jobs for the poor, especially through public works projects, increased pay for soldiers, and started colonies where those without land could own property
- The senators saw Caesar’s rise in power as a huge threat to their political viability, so they lured him into the Senate, stabbing him 23 times; everyone was involved
- The senators weren't punished and Octavian was named Julius Caesar’s sole heir
- This was the end of the republic

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